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Yoichiro Kamimura, Yukihiro Miyanaga, Masahiro Ueda (2016) Heterotrimeric G-protein shuttling via Gip1 extends the dynamic range of eukaryotic chemotaxis., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Volume 113, Number 16, pp. 4356-61

Published in 2016 Apr 19 (Electronic publication in April 4, 2016, midnight )

• doi: 10.1073/pnas.1516767113
• pmid: 27044073
  

(Abstract) Chemotactic eukaryote cells can sense chemical gradients over a wide range of concentrations via heterotrimeric G-protein signaling; however, the underlying wide-range sensing mechanisms are only partially understood. Here we report that a novel regulator of G proteins, G protein-interacting protein 1 (Gip1), is essential for extending the chemotactic range ofDictyosteliumcells. Genetic disruption of Gip1 caused severe defects in gradient sensing and directed cell migration at high but not low concentrations of chemoattractant. Also, Gip1 was found to bind and sequester G proteins in cytosolic pools. Receptor activation induced G-protein translocation to the plasma membrane from the cytosol in a Gip1-dependent manner, causing a biased redistribution of G protein on the membrane along a chemoattractant gradient. These findings suggest that Gip1 regulates G-protein shuttling between the cytosol and the membrane to ensure the availability and biased redistribution of G protein on the membrane for receptor-mediated chemotactic signaling. This mechanism offers an explanation for the wide-range sensing seen in eukaryotic chemotaxis.

• Cell Membrane/genetics
• Cell Membrane/metabolism[major]
• Chemotaxis/physiology[major]
• Dictyostelium/genetics
• Dictyostelium/metabolism[major]
• GTP-Binding Protein Regulators/genetics
• GTP-Binding Protein Regulators/metabolism[major]
• Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
• Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism[major]
• Signal Transduction/physiology[major]