Whole-mount fluorescence in situ hybridization of Osiris family gene (http://flybase.org/reports/FBgg0000612) probes on the pupal head (42 hour after puparium formation). Class 1 genes (Osiris3, 7, 9, 22, mainly expressed in epidermal cells), Class 2 genes (Osiris 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, sensory organs). The data set is 5 channel, 3 dimentional images of whole-mount fluorescence in situ hybridization. X-Y: 1024x 768 pixel (1.1710 µm/pixel), Z: 15µm/slice. For Osi 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 16, 21, 23, 24, channel 1: DAPI; channel 2 anti-phosphorylated tyrosin antibody, Alexa 488; channel 3: Osiris gene probe, Cy3; channel 4 anti-Futsch (22C10) antibody Alexa 647; channel 5 transmitted light. For Osi 1, 7, 9, channel 2: anti-Futsch (22C10) antibody Alexa 488; channel 4, chitin binding probe (cbp) Alexa647. Files starting with "STD_" are 2D projection of each stack.
See details in "Sun Z, Inagaki S, Miyoshi K, Saito K, Hayashi S. Osiris gene family defines the cuticle nanopatterns of Drosophila. Genetics. 2024 Jun 5;227(2):iyae065. doi: 10.1093/genetics/iyae065. PMID: 38652268; PMCID: PMC11151929."
Zhengkuan Sun, Sachi Inagaki, Keita Miyoshi, Kuniaki Saito, Shigeo Hayashi (2024) Osiris gene family defines the cuticle nanopatterns of Drosophila., Genetics
Published in 2024 Apr 23 (Electronic publication in April 23, 2024, midnight )
(Abstract) Nanostructures of pores and protrusions in the insect cuticle modify molecular permeability and surface wetting, and help insects sense various environmental cues. However, the cellular mechanisms that modify cuticle nanostructures are poorly understood. Here, we elucidate how insect-specific Osiris family genes are expressed in various cuticle-secreting cells in the Drosophila head during the early stages of cuticle secretion and cover nearly the entire surface of the head epidermis. Furthermore, we demonstrate how each sense organ cell with various cuticular nanostructures expressed a unique combination of Osiris genes. Osiris gene mutations cause various cuticle defects in the corneal nipples and pores of the chemosensory sensilla. Thus, our study emphasizes on the importance of Osiris genes for elucidating cuticle nanopatterning in insects.