Summary of ssbd-repos-000215

Name
URL
DOI

Title
Imaging dataset for "Optogenetic relaxation of actomyosin contractility uncovers mechanistic roles of cortical tension during cytokinesis."
Description

Actomyosin contractility generated cooperatively by nonmuscle myosin II and actin filaments plays essential roles in a wide range of biological processes, such as cell motility, cytokinesis, and tissue morphogenesis. However, subcellular dynamics of actomyosin contractility underlying such processes remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate an optogenetic method to induce relaxation of actomyosin contractility at the subcellular level. The system, named OptoMYPT, combines a protein phosphatase 1c (PP1c)-binding domain of MYPT1 with an optogenetic dimerizer, so that it allows light-dependent recruitment of endogenous PP1c to the plasma membrane. Blue-light illumination was sufficient to induce dephosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chains and a decrease in actomyosin contractile force in mammalian cells and Xenopus embryos. The OptoMYPT system was further employed to understand the mechanics of actomyosin-based cortical tension and contractile ring tension during cytokinesis. We found that the relaxation of cortical tension at both poles by OptoMYPT accelerated the furrow ingression rate, revealing that the cortical tension substantially antagonizes constriction of the cleavage furrow. Based on these results, the OptoMYPT system provides new opportunities to understand cellular and tissue mechanics.

Submited Date
2021-11-08
Release Date
2021-11-09
Updated Date
-
License
Funding information
-
File formats
tif
Data size
17.8 GB

Organism
xenopus laevis, canis familiaris, mus musculus
Strain
NA
Cell Line
MDCK cell, NIH-3T3 cell
Genes
-
Proteins
-

GO Molecular Function (MF)
cytoskeleton
GO Biological Process (BP)
cytokinesis
GO Cellular Component (CC)
cell
Study Type
cytokinesis
Imaging Methods
spinning disk confocal microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy

Method Summary

See details in Yamamoto K, Miura H, Ishida M, Mii Y, Kinoshita N, Takada S, Ueno N, Sawai S, Kondo Y, Aoki K. Optogenetic relaxation of actomyosin contractility uncovers mechanistic roles of cortical tension during cytokinesis. Nat Commun. 2021 Dec 8;12(1):7145. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27458-3. PMID: 34880255.

Related paper(s)

Kei Yamamoto, Haruko Miura, Motohiko Ishida, Yusuke Mii, Noriyuki Kinoshita, Shinji Takada, Naoto Ueno, Satoshi Sawai, Yohei Kondo, Kazuhiro Aoki (2021) Optogenetic relaxation of actomyosin contractility uncovers mechanistic roles of cortical tension during cytokinesis., Nature communications, Volume 12, Number 1, pp. 7145

Published in 2021 Dec 8 (Electronic publication in Dec. 8, 2021, midnight )

(Abstract) Actomyosin contractility generated cooperatively by nonmuscle myosin II and actin filaments plays essential roles in a wide range of biological processes, such as cell motility, cytokinesis, and tissue morphogenesis. However, subcellular dynamics of actomyosin contractility underlying such processes remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate an optogenetic method to induce relaxation of actomyosin contractility at the subcellular level. The system, named OptoMYPT, combines a protein phosphatase 1c (PP1c)-binding domain of MYPT1 with an optogenetic dimerizer, so that it allows light-dependent recruitment of endogenous PP1c to the plasma membrane. Blue-light illumination is sufficient to induce dephosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chains and a decrease in actomyosin contractile force in mammalian cells and Xenopus embryos. The OptoMYPT system is further employed to understand the mechanics of actomyosin-based cortical tension and contractile ring tension during cytokinesis. We find that the relaxation of cortical tension at both poles by OptoMYPT accelerated the furrow ingression rate, revealing that the cortical tension substantially antagonizes constriction of the cleavage furrow. Based on these results, the OptoMYPT system provides opportunities to understand cellular and tissue mechanics.
(MeSH Terms)

Contact(s)
Kazuhiro Aoki
Organization(s)
National Institutes of Natural Sciences , National Institute for Basic Biology, Exploratory Research Center for Life and Living Systems , Division of Quantitative Biology
Image Data Contributors
Kei Yamamoto
Quantitative Data Contributors
Kei Yamamoto

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